evidence_text: Reps. Cole and Rabhi offered the following resolution:
  
  House Resolution No. 1.
  
  A resolution prescribing the Standing Rules of the House of Representatives.
  
  Resolved by the House of Representatives, That the following rules be adopted as the Standing Rules of the House of Representatives:
  
  STANDING RULES
  
  OF THE
  
  HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  
  IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MICHIGAN CONSTITUTION
  
  ARTICLE IV, SECTION 16
  
  CHAPTER I
  
  GENERAL PROVISIONS
  
  Meetings, Officers and Quorum.
  
  Rule 1. (1) The House shall meet in regular session at the seat of government on the second Wednesday in January of each year at twelve o’clock noon. In each odd-numbered year, it shall proceed with its organization, the election of a Speaker and a Clerk for the ensuing term of the Legislature. All elections shall be by roll call and shall require a majority of the Members voting to elect.
  
  (2) A majority of the Members elected to and serving in the House shall constitute a quorum to do business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and not less than 15 Members voting in favor thereof may compel the attendance of absent Members and prescribe penalties for non-attendance. (See Const 1963, Art 4 §§ 13 and 14)
  
  Admission to Floor -- Defined.
  
  Rule 2. (1) No person shall be admitted on the floor of the House for a period of 30 minutes immediately preceding the time set for any call to order during any session of the House through adjournment, except as follows:
  
  (a) Representatives and Senators;
  
  (b) Former Legislators, unless otherwise restricted;
  
  (c) Sergeants at arms, pages, Clerk’s staff, and legislative staff who are specifically designated and approved by the Majority Floor Leader to be working on the House floor during session;
  
  (d) Directors of Michigan Departments and the Governor’s legislative liaisons may be admitted to the Thatcher or Document room and may have floor access with the permission of the Majority Floor Leader;
  
  (e) Immediate family of Representatives who have obtained and are wearing in plain sight appropriate identification passes, issued under guidelines developed by the Majority Floor Leader;
  
  (f) Media correspondents accredited by the Clerk of the House who are wearing in plain sight appropriate identification passes, issued under guidelines developed by the Clerk. Media correspondents shall not use the center aisle or be at the Members’ desks without the permission of the Majority Floor Leader; and
  
  (g) Such other persons as may be invited by the Speaker or Majority Floor Leader.
  
  (2) No group or individual shall be allowed access to the floor when the House is not in session unless permission is granted by the Majority Floor Leader or Clerk. The Majority Floor Leader and Clerk shall issue guidelines to ensure that guests using the floor are responsible for costs incurred by the House. If permission is given to a Member to bring guests on the floor when the House is not in session, the Member shall accompany the guests.
  
  (3) Only Members shall sit in Members’ chairs.
  
  (4) Any person who is a lobbyist or employed by a lobbyist shall not be admitted on the floor of the House at any time, except immediate family of a Representative if admitted under rule 2(1)(e) on the first session day of an odd-numbered year for a swearing-in ceremony or under rule 2(1)(d). A former Legislator or immediate family of Representatives shall not lobby on the floor, except if they are admitted under rule 2(1)(d). The words “floor of the House,” when used in these rules, shall mean the space of the main floor of Representative Hall, together with adjacent rooms on the second floor of the Capitol under the jurisdiction of the Clerk, including the Democrat and Republican caucus rooms and the corridor behind the House rostrum.
  
  (5) Guests may be introduced only by permission of the Presiding Officer. Guests shall not be introduced during a roll call vote. Guests are to use the center aisle only if being escorted by a Member or House staff.
  
  (6) Use of the center aisle should be kept at a minimum.
  
  (7) The Majority Floor Leader must grant approval for the distribution of items on the floor and items must pertain to that day’s agenda. All printed material intended for distribution on the floor shall be clearly identified by the Member requesting the distribution.
  
  Bar of the House.
  
  Rule 3. (1) Any Member, having answered attendance roll call at the opening of any session, or who enters after attendance roll call, shall be considered present until leave of absence is obtained from the House. Any Member having entered upon the floor of the House after the House has been called to order, shall be considered present if within the bar of the House.
  
  (2) The words “within the bar of the House,” when used in these rules, shall mean the space occupied and used by the House or any legislative room or office under the jurisdiction of the Clerk.
  
  (3) Cell phones on the floor shall not ring audibly.
  
  (4) All persons within the bar of the House shall be in acceptable business attire.
  
  CHAPTER II
  
  OFFICERS
  
  SPEAKER
  
  Definitions.
  
  Rule 4. Speaker is any Member elected as Speaker under Rule 1 of these rules.
  
  Duties as Presiding Officer.
  
  Rule 5. The Speaker, or the designee of the Speaker, shall take the Chair each day at the hour to which the House shall have adjourned or recessed. The Presiding Officer shall call the House to order and lead the Members in reciting the Pledge of Allegiance and, except in the absence of a quorum, shall proceed to business in the manner prescribed by these rules. In the absence of the Speaker, or the designee of the Speaker, the Clerk or Assistant Clerk may call the House to order.
  
  Rule 6. (1) The Presiding Officer shall preserve order and decorum; may speak to points of order, rising for that purpose; and shall decide questions of order, subject to an appeal to the House. When two or more Members rise at once, the Presiding Officer shall name the Member who is first to speak.
  
  (2) Only the Presiding Officer shall lead the House in observing a moment of silence.
  
  Duties of Speaker as Chief Administrator.
  
  Rule 7. (1) Payment to all persons, authorized under paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) to expend House funds for transportation, lodging, meals, registration fees and related items, shall be made in accordance with expenditure regulations as predetermined and prepublished to Members by the Speaker. The regulations shall set forth the guidelines for amounts, methods of payment and time of payment for such items. The Speaker may revise the regulations upon 15-day notice to all Members.
  
  (2) The Speaker may authorize persons to make expenditures from the general funds of the House for administrative purposes. The Speaker may enter into contracts for the purchase and payment of benefits affecting employees, Members of the House, retirees and their successors in interest.
  
  (3) Regular standing committees of the House shall be allotted such funds as the Speaker may authorize. The Speaker may restrict selected expenditures to a lesser number of Members, alternates or substitute Members, than the number of Members of the standing committee. The funds may be expended for items specified in paragraph (1) and for contractual services, publications and supplies. All expenditures under this paragraph shall be approved by the committee Chair and the Speaker and for items specified in paragraph (1) shall be in accordance with the regulations and guidelines provided for by paragraph (1).
  
  (4) Additional committees may be authorized by resolution. The resolutions shall set the maximum budget of such committees. Members, alternates and substitute Members of such additional committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise specified in the resolution. The Speaker may restrict selected expenditures to a lesser number of Members, alternates or substitute Members than the number of Members specified in the resolution. Budgeted funds may be expended for items specified in paragraph (1), for contractual services, publications, supplies and any other items specified in the resolution. Payments for contractual services may be authorized by the committee Chair and the Speaker. All expenditures under this paragraph for items specified in paragraph (1) shall be in accordance with the regulations and guidelines provided for by paragraph (1).
  
  Appointments by the Speaker.
  
  Rule 8. The Speaker shall appoint all committees, except where the House shall otherwise order. If the Speaker makes permanent or temporary additions to or removals from any standing or special committee, the names and the appointments or removals shall take effect when the Clerk and Minority Leader are notified by letter and shall appear in the next House Journal.
  
  Appointment of Employees by Speaker.
  
  Rule 9. Except as otherwise provided in these rules, the Speaker, or the Speaker’s designee, shall appoint all employees of the House. Unless otherwise provided by law, the compensation for all employees and officers of the House shall be fixed by the Speaker, or the Speaker’s designee. All employees of the House shall maintain a status as non-tenured, at-will employees. All employees of the House work at the pleasure of the Speaker, or the Speaker’s designee, shall be subject to the Speaker’s, or the Speaker’s designee’s, orders, and may be transferred to a different position, demoted, suspended, or summarily removed by the Speaker, or the Speaker’s designee.
  
  Naming of Acting Speaker.
  
  Rule 10. The Speaker, may, by filing a written notice with the Clerk, appoint any Member to perform the duties of the Presiding Officer, but not for a longer time than one day without leave of the House. Such notice shall be spread upon the House Journal.
  
  Voting.
  
  Rule 11. The Speaker and Presiding Officer may vote on all elections and on all questions.
  
  Putting the Question.
  
  Rule 12. (1) The Presiding Officer shall pose all questions to the Members. If in doubt the Presiding Officer may order a division of the House. A division of the House may be had on the demand of ten Members. A vote taken by division is not printed in the House Journal. A roll call of the House may be demanded by one-fifth of the Members present (see Const 1963, Art 4 § 18) on any pending question and in such case the record of the votes and names of the voting Members shall be entered in the House Journal.
  
  (2) When a division of the House is ordered, the voting board shall be used, and the Clerk shall announce the vote and the Presiding Officer shall declare the result. On a tie vote the question shall be deemed as lost. A majority of those voting shall decide any question unless otherwise provided.
  
  Recognition During Roll Call.
  
  Rule 13. (1) After a question has been stated by the Presiding Officer, and the calling of the roll has been started by the Clerk, the Presiding Officer shall not recognize a Member for any purpose, until after the announcement of the vote by the Clerk except:
  
  (a) To raise a point of order;
  
  (b) To request an excuse for another Member;
  
  (c) To announce intent not to vote for reason of potential conflict of interest; and
  
  (d) To request that the board be cleared.
  
  (2) The Clerk shall enter upon the House Journal the names of those voting “aye” and the names of those voting “nay”. Roll calls shall be consecutively numbered in the House Journal.
  
  SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE
  
  Powers and Duties.
  
  Rule 14. (1) The Speaker, the Speaker Pro Tempore, or an Associate Speaker Pro Tempore shall preside over the House, unless the Speaker has designated another Member to preside.
  
  (2) In the absence of a designated Presiding Officer, the Clerk shall preside and if a quorum is present may designate a temporary Presiding Officer of the same party as the Speaker.
  
  CLERK
  
  Roll Call.
  
  Rule 15. The Clerk shall serve as parliamentarian of the House. The Clerk shall take the roll at the opening of each session of the House and announce whether or not a quorum is present. The Clerk shall enter upon the House Journal the names of the Members present for attendance roll call, the names of the Members specifically excused from session, and the names of the Members absent from session. The term “roll call” as used in these rules shall mean a record roll call.
  
  Conduct of Religious Exercises.
  
  Rule 16. The Clerk shall arrange for a Member to offer an invocation which will not exceed 2 minutes in length at the opening of each session of the House. This invocation shall be general in nature, may be delivered by the Member or a Member’s guest, and must be submitted to jclerk@house.mi.gov electronically 1 day in advance. For special occasions, the Clerk may arrange for religious services as needed.
  
  Publication and Correction of House Journal.
  
  Rule 17. (1) The Clerk shall make up and complete the House Journal, supervise its daily publication, and make corrections. The Clerk is authorized to correct totals that may have been affected by amendments made to appropriations bills.
  
  (2) The House Journal is the only official record of the proceedings of the House.
  
  (3) Written or verbal remarks made under the order of business of Comments and Recommendations shall not be printed in the House Journal except for remarks regarding departing Members. Departing Members remarks must be submitted electronically to jclerk@house.mi.gov in order to be printed in the House Journal.
  
  House Calendar.
  
  Rule 18. The Clerk shall prepare and make available to each Member each session day a list of the business under each order of business.
  
  Printing, Announcement of Printing and Enrollment of Bills.
  
  Rule 19. The Clerk shall ensure the printing or reproduction of all bills, acts or documents ordered printed or reproduced by the House. The Clerk shall announce each day the numbers of all bills and letters of all joint resolutions which have been printed or reproduced and placed upon the files of the Members, and the numbers of House bills which have been enrolled and presented to the Governor.
  
  Responsibility for Care of Bills; Presentation of Enrolled Bills to Governor.
  
  Rule 20. The Clerk shall be responsible for the care and preservation of each bill introduced into the House, and for each bill received from the Senate up to the time of its return to that body. This responsibility shall only be relieved by a receipt from a person when the bill passes from his or her possession. The Clerk shall enroll a House bill while the House is not in session if that bill has passed both houses and no action is pending. The Clerk shall notify the House of such action on the next House legislative day. When a House bill has been finally passed by the two houses, the Clerk shall present to the Governor an enrolled copy thereof, taking a receipt showing the day, hour and minute at which such copy was deposited in the executive office.
  
  Appointment of Assistants.
  
  Rule 21. The Clerk shall, with the consent of the Speaker, appoint an Assistant Clerk and other assistants. All assistants of the Clerk and employees of the House assigned to the Clerk’s office shall maintain a status as non-tenured, at-will employees. All assistants and employees of the House assigned to the Clerk’s office work at the pleasure of the Clerk and Speaker, shall be subject to the orders of the Clerk and Speaker, and may be transferred to a different position, demoted, suspended, or summarily removed by the Clerk or Speaker.
  
  Accreditation of News Media.
  
  Rule 22. (1) The Clerk shall receive the applications of all members of the news media. Persons desiring to be accredited as official media correspondents at the two-year session shall file a written application with the Clerk. When issuing credentials, the Clerk shall instruct the media person as to conduct on the House floor.
  
  (2) Members of the press corps shall comply with all House rules and guidelines, including acceptable business attire, and shall, while on the House floor during session, display credentials at all times.
  
  Responsibility for Care of House and Televising House Session.
  
  Rule 23. (1) The Clerk shall exercise supervisory care and control of the Hall of the House of Representatives and all House rooms and equipment assigned to the office of the Clerk. The Clerk shall, upon prior written authorization by the Speaker, provide for repairs and alterations in the House Chambers and the connected rooms and corridors and their furniture and equipment.
  
  (2) The Clerk shall be responsible for televised coverage of House session and committee meetings.
  
  (3) As directed by the Speaker, the Clerk shall enter into contractual agreements for rental of House facilities.
  
  Incapacity of Clerk.
  
  Rule 24. In case of the inability of the Clerk to perform the duties of that office, the Assistant Clerk shall be charged with the responsibility of the Clerk and shall perform the Clerk’s duties. In case a vacancy exists in the office of the Clerk, the Assistant Clerk shall assume the Clerkship and perform the duties of Clerk until a successor has been elected.
  
  Notices in Cases of Extra Sessions.
  
  Rule 25. Whenever the Legislature shall be called to meet in extraordinary session or in case of emergency, the Clerk shall notify Members and staff of the date and time of convening.
  
  SERGEANT AT ARMS
  
  Definitions.
  
  Rule 26. The Sergeant at Arms shall be the chief police officer of the House and shall be appointed by the Speaker. Under the direction of the Speaker, the Clerk shall supervise and direct the work of the Sergeant at Arms and Assistant Sergeants at Arms, and may commission the Sergeant at Arms and Assistant Sergeants at Arms, who meet the certification requirements of this state, as law enforcement officers with the powers provided under the Legislative Sergeant at Arms Police Powers Act. (See MCL 4.381 - 4.382)
  
  Powers and Duties.
  
  Rule 27. The Sergeant at Arms shall have charge, under the direction of the Clerk, of the Assistant Sergeants at Arms, pages, and session interns, and control of all police, safety and security regulations. The Sergeant at Arms shall have authority to serve subpoenas and warrants issued by the House or any duly authorized officer or committee, or cause the same to be done by one of the Assistant Sergeants at Arms, or a duly authorized agent. The Sergeant at Arms shall see that all visitors are seated and at no time are standing on the floor or balconies of the House. The Sergeant at Arms shall ensure that reasonable decorum is maintained in the lobby immediately in front of the entrance to Representative Hall to ensure access for Representatives and to ensure equal treatment for all citizens.
  
  CHAPTER III
  
  MEMBERS
  
  Conduct in Debate.
  
  Rule 28. When any Member is about to speak in debate or present any matter to the House, the Member shall rise and respectfully address the Presiding Officer, confine remarks to the question under debate, and avoid personalities.
  
  Members Called to Order.
  
  Rule 29. If any Member in speaking transgresses the rules of the House, the Presiding Officer shall, or any Member may, call the transgressor to order, in which case the Member so called to order shall immediately sit down and shall not rise unless to explain or proceed in order.
  
  VOTING
  
  Voting by the Electronic Roll Call System.
  
  Rule 30. (1) When taking the roll call on any question, the electronic roll call system may be used, and shall have the same force and effect as a roll call taken as otherwise provided in these rules. The electronic roll call system shall only be used for legislative business officially before the House.
  
  (2) When the House is ready to vote upon any question requiring a roll call, and the vote is to be taken by the electronic roll call system, the Presiding Officer shall state the question to the Members. The Presiding Officer shall inform Members that the board is open to record their votes. When sufficient time has been allowed the Members to vote, the Presiding Officer shall direct the Clerk to close the board. Any Member can vote or change his or her vote after the board has been closed by rising and, when recognized by the Presiding Officer, announcing his or her vote before the result of the vote has been announced by the Clerk. After a sufficient time has passed to allow late voting, the Presiding Officer shall direct the Clerk to tally, display and announce the vote. The Clerk shall record the vote in the House Journal.
  
  (3) No Member shall vote for another Member, nor shall any person not a Member cast a vote for a Member. In addition to such penalties as may be prescribed by law, any Member who shall vote or attempt to vote for another Member may be punished in such manner as the House may determine. A person who votes or attempts to vote for a Member shall be barred from the floor of the House for the remainder of the session and may be further punished in such manner as the House may deem proper.
  
  (4) Any vote shall be taken by the ayes and nays and entered upon the House Journal on request of one-fifth of the Members present. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 18)
  
  Vote Explanations.
  
  Rule 31. (1) A Member may dissent from and protest against any act, proceeding or resolution which the Member deems injurious to any person or the public, and have the reason for dissent, referred to as a “no vote explanation”, printed in the House Journal. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 18)
  
  (2) If a Member desires to abstain from voting because of a potential conflict of interest, the Member may rise, announce his or her intent not to vote, and reserve the right to explain the abstention. The Member shall be granted the right to have the explanatory statement printed in the House Journal. To be printed in the House Journal, the abstention from voting explanation shall be submitted to the Clerk.
  
  (3) No vote explanations or explanations of abstention from voting shall be in compliance with House Rules and shall not be substantively edited by the Clerk before publication in the House Journal. When the Clerk invokes this rule, the Member with the rejected no vote explanation will be told by the Clerk or Clerk’s staff of the specific rule violation and given the opportunity to resubmit the no vote explanation.
  
  Conduct.
  
  Rule 32. (1) No person shall pass between the Presiding Officer and a Member who has the floor.
  
  (2) When so ordered by the Presiding Officer, the Members shall keep their seats until the Majority Floor Leader announces that no further voting will occur or the Presiding Officer announces that the House is adjourned. During such time, the Speaker or the Speaker’s designees may give a Member permission to temporarily leave his or her seat upon request.
  
  CHAPTER IV
  
  COMMITTEES
  
  STANDING COMMITTEES
  
  Names and Number of Members.
  
  Rule 33. (1) All standing committees shall be appointed by the Speaker, except where the House shall otherwise order.
  
  (2) The standing committees of the House and the number of Members shall be as follows:
  
  (a) Agriculture (11)
  
  (b) Appropriations (29)
  
  (c) Commerce and Tourism (11)
  
  (d) Communications and Technology (5)
  
  (e) Education (15)
  
  (f) Elections and Ethics (7)
  
  (g) Energy (17)
  
  (h) Families, Children and Seniors (9)
  
  (i) Financial Services (11)
  
  (j) Government Operations (5)
  
  (k) Health Policy (19)
  
  (l) Insurance (17)
  
  (m) Judiciary (13)
  
  (n) Local Government and Municipal Finance (13)
  
  (o) Military, Veterans and Homeland Security (9)
  
  (p) Natural Resources and Outdoor Recreation (9)
  
  (q) Oversight (9)
  
  (r) Regulatory Reform (15)
  
  (s) Tax Policy (15)
  
  (t) Transportation (13)
  
  (u) Ways and Means (11)
  
  (3) Statutory Standing Committees:
  
  (a) Joint Committee on Administrative Rules (5)
  
  (b) House Fiscal Agency Governing Committee (6)
  
  (c) Legislative Council (6)
  
  (4) The House Journal shall report the roll call on all motions to report bills, resolutions and reorganization orders. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 17)
  
  (5) Committees shall adopt a meeting schedule at the commencement of each term which shall be printed in the House Journal. Additional meetings may be called by the Chair or by a majority of the Members in writing to the Clerk. The Chair may cancel any scheduled meeting, except one called by a majority of the Members, by notice to the Members.
  
  Uniform Committee Rules.
  
  Rule 34. (1) The Clerk of the House shall assign committee clerks with the approval of the respective committee Chairs. Duties of committee clerks shall be prescribed by the Clerk.
  
  (2) Special committees shall operate under the same rules as standing committees insofar as practical. Conference committees on House bills shall meet at a place assigned by the Clerk.
  
  (3) All committees will operate under the following rules:
  
  (a) A quorum of a committee shall consist of a majority of the Members appointed and serving;
  
  (b) Members of standing committees may not check in for a committee meeting and leave their vote. Members of committees may only cast a vote if they are present at the meeting during the vote;
  
  (c) It shall require an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members appointed to and serving on a committee in order to:
  
  ( i ) Report a bill or resolution out of committee
  
  ( ii ) Recommend an amendment to a bill or resolution
  
  ( iii ) Reconsider a vote to report a bill or resolution from committee
  
  (d) Provided a quorum of a committee is present, it shall require an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members voting in order to:
  
  ( i ) Table a bill or resolution
  
  ( ii ) Take a bill or resolution from the table
  
  ( iii ) Reconsider a vote, other than in subdivision (c)( iii )
  
  (e) It shall require an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members voting in order to postpone action on a bill or resolution.
  
  (f) The Chair of a standing committee shall determine the agenda for a committee meeting; and
  
  (g) The Chair of a standing committee may create subcommittees and shall designate what is to be considered by each subcommittee. The Chair of the standing committee shall designate a Chair of the subcommittee and shall appoint Members to each subcommittee.
  
  (4) The Speaker may designate additional Members to serve on any subcommittee of a standing committee as voting members who do not serve on the full committee.
  
  (5) Subcommittees shall follow the same rules as standing committees.
  
  (6) Meetings or public hearings of committees may be scheduled outside of Lansing with prior written approval of the Speaker. Subcommittees must have the prior written approval of the Chair of the standing committee and the Speaker in order to conduct a public hearing or meeting outside of Lansing.
  
  (7) All meetings or public hearings of committees or subcommittees shall comply with the following proce­dures in order to assure public access (See Const 1963, Art 4 §§ 16 and 17):
  
  (a) All meetings or public hearings shall be open to the public and accessible;
  
  (b) The right of any person to attend a meeting or public hearing includes the right to tape-record, videotape, and/or broadcast live;
  
  (c) The right of any person to attend a meeting or public hearing may not be conditioned on prior approval of, or notice to, the committee or subcommittee;
  
  (d) All decisions of a committee or subcommittee shall be made at a public meeting;
  
  (e) The right of a person to attend a meeting or public hearing shall not be limited by a requirement that she or he register or otherwise provide her or his name or other identifying information;
  
  (f) A person shall not be excluded from a meeting or public hearing of a committee or subcommittee except for a breach of the peace or in order to protect the health and safety of persons in attendance at the meeting;
  
  (g) A conference committee shall give a 6-hour notice. A second conference committee shall give a 1-hour notice. Notice of a conference committee meeting shall include written notice to each member of the conference committee and the Majority and Minority Leaders of each House indicating the time and place of the meeting; (See Act 267 of 1976, MCL 15.265)
  
  (h) A rescheduled or a special meeting of a committee or subcommittee shall be posted at least 18 hours before the scheduled meeting time. No committee, subcommittee, or conference committee shall remain in session or stand in recess beyond the hour of 12:00 midnight; and
  
  (i) Notice of committee or subcommittee meetings or public hearings shall include notice that individuals needing special services to fully participate in the meeting or public hearing may contact the committee or subcommittee Chair to request the necessary assistance.
  
  (8) Each committee shall have written minutes prepared of each meeting. The minutes shall include the date, time, place, Members present, Members absent, Members excused, and any decisions which were made. The minutes shall also include all roll call votes taken at the meeting. The proposed minutes of a meeting shall be available for inspection by the public within 8 working days of the meeting. Minutes shall be approved by the committee at the next meeting. Approved minutes shall be available for public inspection no later than 5 working days after approval.
  
  (9) Committees may excuse a Member from attending a committee meeting.
  
  (10) Committees shall not meet after a session of the House has been called to order without the consent of the House.
  
  (11) To the extent practical, special committees shall follow the same rules as standing committees of the House.
  
  (12) With approval of a majority of the Members appointed and serving on the committee, a committee may adopt additional rules provided they do not conflict with the Uniform Standing Committee Rules or with the Standing Rules of the House.
  
  (13) A motion for previous question is not in order.
  
  Chair of Committee.
  
  Rule 35. The first named Member of any committee shall be the Chair, and the second named Member shall be Vice-Chair. In the absence of both the Chair and Vice-Chair the next named Member of the Majority party in attendance shall act as Chair. The Chair or any Member of the committee may place under oath or affirmation any person who appears to testify before the committee.
  
  Committee and Auditor General Reports.
  
  Rule 36. Upon receipt of Auditor General reports, the Oversight Committee shall review the reports and, if appropriate, refer the reports to the appropriate standing committee for consideration. Consideration by the standing committee shall not impede or preclude any Member from initiating any action in response to an Auditor General report.
  
  Subpoena Power.
  
  Rule 37. Except as provided by MCL 4.541, the right of a special or standing committee to subpoena shall be granted by resolution of the House in accordance with Mason’s Manual of Legislative Procedure - current edition. The vote on adoption of a subpoena power resolution shall be by record roll call vote. The votes of a majority of the Members elected and serving shall be required for adoption. The right to subpoena shall not be granted to subcommittees.
  
  Reports of Committees.
  
  Rule 38. (1) A committee may recommend amendments, a substitute, or referral to another committee, with or without recommendation as to passage or adoption. A substitute is an amendment that replaces all of the language in a bill or resolution.
  
  (2) Substitutes reported by the committee shall include all adopted amendments and shall be prepared by the Legislative Service Bureau. A majority of the Members serving on a committee shall be necessary to report a bill or resolution out of the committee. A majority of the Members appointed to a committee and serving shall constitute a quorum. Minority reports shall not be permitted or received by the House. Bills or resolutions reported without recommendation as to passage or adoption shall lie on the table.
  
  (3) All bills favorably reported back to the House shall be referred to second reading together with amendments recommended by the standing committee. All resolutions reported back to the House shall be referred to reports of standing committees together with amendments recommended by the standing committee. If more than one standing committee has considered a bill, only the amendments recommended by the last committee to consider the bill shall be considered.
  
  (4) Except as provided in subsection (7), a bill creating or revising a criminal offense or a bill with a recommended amendment that creates or revises a criminal offense may only be favorably reported back to the House by the Judiciary Committee.
  
  (5) Except as provided in subsection (7), a bill containing an appropriation or a bill with a recommended amendment that contains an appropriation may only be favorably reported back to the House by the Appropriations Committee.
  
  (6) Except as provided in subsection (7), a bill to which subsections (4) and (5) do not apply may only be favorably reported back to the House by the Ways and Means Committee. However, if such a bill is tie barred to another bill to which subsections (4) or (5) do apply, then the former may be reported back to the House by the same committee as the latter.
  
  (7) The following committees may favorably report any bill back to the House:
  
  (a) Appropriations
  
  (b) Judiciary
  
  (c) Government Operations
  
  (d) Ways and Means
  
  (e) Any special or select committee
  
  Public Hearings.
  
  Rule 39. A committee may provide for a public hearing. Notice of such hearing, its subject, time and place, shall be given in writing to the Clerk of the House who shall announce the hearing, and publish it in the House Journal prior to the meeting. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 17)
  
  CHAPTER V
  
  TRANSACTION OF BUSINESS
  
  Order of Business.
  
  Rule 40. (1) The order of business of the House shall be as follows, unless otherwise ordered by the House:
  
  (a) Motions and Resolutions;
  
  (b) Announcement by the Clerk of Printing and Enrollment;
  
  (c) Reports of Select Committees;
  
  (d) Reports of Standing Committees;
  
  (e) Messages from the Senate;
  
  (f) Third Reading;
  
  (g) Second Reading;
  
  (h) Notices;
  
  (i) Messages from the Governor;
  
  (j) Comments and Recommendations;
  
  (k) Explanation of “No” Votes;
  
  (l) Communications from State Officers;
  
  (m) Introduction of Bills;
  
  (n) Announcements by the Clerk; and
  
  (o) Presentation of Petitions.
  
  (2) Routine business on which no vote of the House is required may be disposed of on any day, with or without a quorum present. If a quorum is not present, any item of business becoming the subject of a floor motion shall be postponed to the next legislative day.
  
  (3) The business of the House shall not be delayed or interrupted by speeches by nonmembers, presentations, awards, ceremonies or musical programs. Except for invocations and joint sessions of the House and Senate, nonmembers are not permitted to give speeches on the floor of the House or in the gallery.
  
  BILLS
  
  Introduction.
  
  Rule 41. (1) All bills to be introduced shall be approved as to form and numbering of sections by the Legislative Service Bureau and be signed by the Member introducing them. Ten copies of each shall be delivered to the office of the Clerk by the sponsoring or co-sponsoring Member not later than 3 hours prior to calling the House to order, unless permitted by a simple majority vote of those voting. If the sponsoring or co-sponsoring Member is unable to deliver the ten copies to the office of the Clerk due to a family or medical exigency, then the leader of that Member’s caucus may deliver the copies on his or her behalf. The Clerk shall number bills in the order of receiving, and present the same to the House at the next session of the House. All bills shall be introduced in printed form.
  
  (2) Once a bill has been turned in to the Clerk’s office for introduction, up to 3 hours prior to calling the House to order, a Member may add his or her signature as a co-sponsor only with the permission of the sponsor.
  
  (3) No person may add or remove any signature, other than his or her own, from a bill being introduced.
  
  (4) The Speaker shall refer all bills and joint resolutions to a standing committee no later than one House legislative day after being submitted to the Clerk.
  
  (5) The Speaker may change the original referral of a bill or resolution by written communication submitted to the Clerk before the end of session on the next House legislative day following the day of the original referral. Notice of the referral shall be announced by the Clerk and printed in the Journal.
  
  Order of Consideration.
  
  Rule 42. (1) The order to be taken by bills introduced in the House shall be as follows:
  
  (a) Notice of introduction;
  
  (b) Introduction, first reading of title, order printed or reproduced and reference to a standing committee designated by the Speaker;
  
  (c) Report by the committee(s), pursuant to rule 38, and placing on Second Reading;
  
  (d) Consideration of Second Reading;
  
  (e) Third Reading and vote on passage;
  
  (f) Transmission to Senate if passed;
  
  (g) Returned by the Senate, and, if not amended by the Senate, reference to the Clerk for enrollment printing; if amended by the Senate, laying over one day, and consideration under the same order of business (Messages from the Senate); and (if amendments are concurred in) reference to the Clerk for enrollment printing;
  
  (h) Returned by the Governor with a line-item or a full veto, and such bill shall be taken immediately unless a quorum is not present, in which case it will lay over one day; and
  
  (i) Report by Clerk of enrollment printing and presentation to the Governor. Senate bills shall, as far as possible, take the same course as House bills.
  
  (2) All joint resolutions shall take the same course as bills and shall be identified by letter, i.e., “A”, “B”, “C”, etc.
  
  (3) Nothing in these rules shall prevent a majority of the Members elected to and serving in the House from discharging a committee from further consideration of any measure. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 16) A notice of one session day shall be given of a motion to discharge any such committee, the notice to be in writing and entered upon the House Journal. If a committee of the House is discharged from further consideration of a bill, the bill shall be placed on the order of Second Reading and if a committee of the House is discharged from further consideration of a resolution the resolution shall be placed on the order of Motions and Resolutions.
  
  Reading.
  
  Rule 43. (1) Every bill shall be read three times in the House before its final passage. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 26) The first and second readings may be by its title only; the third reading may be by its title unless there is a motion to read the bill in full supported by 1/3 of Members voting.
  
  (2) No bill shall be passed or become a law at any regular session until it has been printed or reproduced and in the possession of the House for at least five days. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 26)
  
  (3) The Speaker or his or her designee may direct that a bill be printed or reproduced out of order.
  
  Commitment and Amendment.
  
  Rule 44. No bill shall be referred to a committee until it has been read a first time. No bill shall be altered or amended on its passage through the House so as to change its original purpose as determined by its total content and not alone by its title. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 24)
  
  Referral to Second Reading.
  
  Rule 45. All bills reported favorably by a committee of the House in accordance with Rule 38 shall be referred to the order of Second Reading. Such bills shall be kept on file in the order of referral for consideration, and the file shall be called “Second Reading”.
  
  Second Reading.
  
  Rule 46. When the House is under the order of “Second Reading” it shall consider the bills in such order as may be determined by a majority of those voting.
  
  Second Reading Amendment.
  
  Rule 47. (1) Under the order of Second Reading, bills shall be read a second time by their title. Committee recommendations, including amendments and substitutes, shall be considered first. Amendments to committee substitutes or committee amendments shall not be considered until such committee substitutes or amendments have been adopted by the House. Amendments offered from the floor shall be submitted to the Clerk and shall be approved as to form by the Clerk before consideration.
  
  (2) When a substitute is offered, amendments to the proposed substitute shall not be considered before the proposed substitute is adopted.
  
  (3) A bill may be advanced to the order of Third Reading by a vote of a majority of the Members voting. Such motion shall take precedence following the motion to amend.
  
  Amendment; Vote.
  
  Rule 48. No bill shall be amended prior to its Second Reading. Bills which have been considered on Second Reading shall be advanced to the order of Third Reading, either by motion and concurrence of a majority of the Members voting or in the absence of objection. Bills shall be subject to all subsidiary motions on Third Reading. Amendments offered on Third Reading shall not be considered, nor printed in the House Journal, unless seconded by a majority of the Members voting. Amendments on Second or Third Reading shall require a majority of the Members elected and serving for adoption. This requirement shall apply to amendments in the first and second degree and no further degree shall be permitted.
  
  Third Reading.
  
  Rule 49. (1) Bills may not be considered for final passage without having been considered on Second Reading. Bills considered on Second Reading may be placed on Third Reading for immediate passage by motion and concurrence of a majority of the Members elected and serving.
  
  (2) Bills failing of passage are subject to reconsideration and if reconsidered are subject to consideration on the order of Third Reading.
  
  Amendment; Co-sponsors.
  
  Rule 50. After an amendment has been turned into the Clerk, a Member may not add his or her name as a co-sponsor without the approval of the sponsor.
  
  Majority Vote on Bills.
  
  Rule 51. (1) No bill shall become a law without the concurrence of a majority of the Members elected to and serving in the House. On the final passage of bills, the votes and names of the Members voting thereon shall be entered in the House Journal. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 26)
  
  (2) After a House bill has been passed, or upon final action on a House bill returned from the Senate, a Member may add his or her name as a co-sponsor to a bill with the approval of the sponsor.
  
  Extraordinary Vote Requirements.
  
  Rule 52. (1) Action by the House on any of the following matters shall require the vote of two-thirds of the Members elected and serving:
  
  (a) Expulsion of Member (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 16);
  
  (b) Immediate Effect (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 27);
  
  (c) Local or Special Act (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 29);
  
  (d) Private or Local Purpose Appropriation (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 30);
  
  (e) Overriding Veto or Line Item Veto (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 33);
  
  (f) Bank and Trust Company Laws (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 43);
  
  (g) Create Courts of Limited Jurisdiction (See Const 1963, Art 6 § 1);
  
  (h) Removal of Judges (See Const 1963, Art 6 § 25);
  
  (i) Long Term State Borrowing (See Const 1963, Art 9 § 15);
  
  (j) State Land Reserve Designation (See Const 1963, Art 10 § 5);
  
  (k) Rejection or Reduction of Civil Service Pay Increases (See Const 1963, Art 11 § 5);
  
  (l) Constitutional Amendment (See Const 1963, Art 12 § 1);
  
  (m) Exceed Revenue Limits (See Const 1963, Art 9 § 27); and
  
  (n) Mackinac Bridge Bonds Refunding (See Const 1963, Schedule § 14).
  
  (2) Action by the House on any of the following matters shall require the vote of three-fourths of the Members elected and serving:
  
  (a) Any law which increases the February 1, 1994, statutory limits on the maximum amount of ad valorem property taxes that may be levied for school district operating purposes (See Const 1963, Art 9 § 3); and
  
  (b) Amendment or Repeal of Initiated Law (See Const 1963, Art 2 § 9).
  
  Title; Object; Reference to Compiler’s Sections.
  
  Rule 53. No bill shall embrace more than one object, which shall be expressed in its title. No bill shall be altered or amended on its passage through the House so as to change its original purpose as determined by its total content
  
  and not alone by its title. (See Const 1963, Art 4 § 24) If the bill proposes any amendment to existing laws, the sections of which have been assigned compiler’s section numbers in the last general compilation of public acts, the title shall contain also a reference to the compiler’s sections.
  
  MOTIONS AND RESOLUTIONS
  
  IN GENERAL
  
  Stating Motions.
  
  Rule 54. When a motion is made, and when necessary under the rules, seconded, it shall be stated by the Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer may require that a motion be submitted in writing. The motion shall be entered upon the House Journal, together with the name of the Member making it, unless withdrawn upon request of the Member making it and by a majority vote of those voting, or ruled out of order by the Presiding Officer. If in writing, the motion shall be read aloud by the Clerk before being debated.